去年全球电力部门二氧化碳排放量下降2％

根据周一的一项研究显示，由于欧洲和美国的煤炭使用量减少，电力行业的全球二氧化碳排放量去年下降了2％，是自1990年以来的最大降幅。

 

根据独立气候智库Ember的研究显示，全球燃煤发电量下降了3％，也是1990年以来的最大降幅。在转向可再生能源的推动下，欧洲的下降了24％，而美国的燃煤发电量则下降了16％，原因是天然气更具竞争力。

 

总体而言，该报告称，去年的煤炭使用量下降以及转向可再生能源的增长受到诸如廉价天然气，日本和韩国核电站重启以及电力需求放缓等因素的帮助。

 

为了使升温幅度限制在1.5摄氏度以内，煤炭的产量每年必须下降11％。

 

该报告的主要作者，Ember电力分析师Dave Jones表示，全球煤炭和电力部门排放量的下降对气候是个好消息，但各国政府必须大力加快电力转型，以使全球煤炭产量在整个2020年代崩溃。

 

他补充道，从煤炭转换为天然气只是将一种化石燃料换成另一种。

 

去年，风能和太阳能发电量增加了270太瓦时，即15％。 为了实现《巴黎协定》中的气候目标，每年都需要保持这一增长率。

 

该报告审查了涵盖全球发电量85％的数据，并对其余15％的数据使用有根据的估计。

 

上个月，国际能源署表示，由于可再生能源和燃料从煤炭转向天然气的增长使得发达经济体的排放减少，去年电力生产的全球二氧化碳排放量趋于平缓。

 

原文如下：

 

Global CO2 emissions from power sector fell 2 per cent last year

 

Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the power sector fell by 2 per cent last year, the biggest fall since at least 1990, owing to reduced coal usage in Europe and the United States, a study showed on Monday.

 

Coal-fired power generation fell by 3 per cent globally, also the largest fall since 1990, research by independent climate think tank Ember showed. The drop in Europe was 24 per cent, driven by a switch to renewables, while U.S. coal-fired generation was down 16 per cent because of more competitive gas.

 

Overall, the decline in coal use last year and shift towards renewables was helped by factors such as cheap gas, nuclear plant restarts in Japan and South Korea and slowing electricity demand, the report said.

 

Coal generation needs to fall by 11 per cent a year to keep within a warming limit of 1.5 degrees Celsius.

 

"The global decline of coal and power sector emissions is good news for the climate, but governments have to dramatically accelerate the electricity transition so that global coal generation collapses throughout the 2020s," said Dave Jones, lead author of the report and electricity analyst at Ember.

 

"To switch from coal into gas is just swapping one fossil fuel for another," he added.

 

Wind and solar power generation rose by by 270 terrawatt hours, or 15 per cent, last year. That growth rate would need to be maintained every year to achieve climate goals under the Paris Agreement.

 

The report examined data covering 85 per cent of the world's electricity generation and used informed estimates for the remaining 15 per cent.

 

Last month the International Energy Agency said that global CO2 emissions from power production flattened last year as growth of renewable energy and fuel switching from coal to natural gas led to lower emissions from advanced economies.